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The yellow-bellied sheath-tailed bat〔Van Dyke, S. and Strahan, R. (eds.) (2008) ''The Mammals of Australia'', 3rd Edition, New Holland / Queensland Museum, Brisbane ISBN 978-1-877069-25-3〕 (''Saccolaimus flaviventris''), also known as the yellow-bellied sheathtail or yellow-bellied pouched bat, is a microbat species of the family Emballonuridae that is found extensively in Australia and less commonly in parts of Papua New Guinea.〔Flannery, T. F. 1995. ''The Mammals of New Guinea'', 2nd edition. Reed Books, Sydney, Australia.〕〔Churchill, Sue. 2008. ''Australian bats'', 2nd ed. Allen & Unwin, Crows Nest, NSW.〕 Although found throughout most parts of Australia, very little is known about its ecology due to the small size, nocturnal activity and general elusiveness of most microbat species making them difficult to study.〔Rhodes, M. P., and Hall, L. S. 1997. Observations on Yellow-bellied sheath-tailed bats ''Saccoliamus flaviventris'' (Peters, 1867)(Chiroptera: Emballonuridae). Australian Zoologist 30:351-357.〕〔Reardon, T. B., and Flavel, S. C. 1987. ''A guide to the bats of South Australia''. South Australian Museum.〕〔Richards, G. C. 2008. Yellow-bellied Sheath-tailed Bat, ''Saccolaimus flaviventris''. In: S. Van Dyck and R. Strahan (eds), ''The mammals of Australia''. Third Edition, pp. 472-473. Reed New Holland, Sydney, Australia.〕 They are sometimes mistaken for the endangered and less widely distributed bare-rumped sheathtail bat where the two species occur sympatrically, as well as other similar Emballonuridae species, but upon inspection are quite distinct and easily identified 〔〔Schulz, M. and Thomson, B. 2007. National recovery plan for the bare-rumped sheathtail bat ''Saccolaimus saccolaimus nudicluniatus'' . Report to Department of the Environment and Water Resources, Canberra. Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service, Brisbane.〕〔Milne, D. J., Jackling,F. C., Sidhu, M., and Appleto B. R. 2009. Shedding new light on old species identifications: morphological and genetic evidence suggest a need for conservation status review of the critically endangered bat, ''Saccolaimus saccolaimus''. Wildlife research 36:496-508.〕 At present, the yellow-bellied sheath-tailed bat is the only member of Microchiroptera that has been positively identified as a carrier of Australian bat lyssavirus.〔Barrett, J. L. 2004. Australian Bat Lyssavirus. PhD Thesis, School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland.〕 ==Taxonomy & description== The yellow-bellied sheath-tailed bat belongs to the suborder Microchiroptera, or insectivorous microbats, and is the largest Australian member of the family Emballonuridae.〔 Emballonuridae is distinguished by a partially membrane enclosed tail that projects into a sheath, hence the descriptive term ‘sheathtail’, and is represented by eight known Australian species.〔 Within Australia, the family is divided into two genera: Taphozous and Saccolaimus, the latter of which the yellow-bellied sheath-tailed bat is one of only four known representatives world-wide.〔Troughton, E. Le G. 1925. A revision of the genera ''Taphozous'' and ''Saccolaimus'' (Chiroptera) in Australia and New Guinea, including a new species, and a note on two Malayan forms. Records of the Australian Museum 14:313-341〕 The yellow-bellied sheath-tailed bat is quite large with a mean body weight of 44 grams that ranges from 27.8-60g, and a mean head-body length of 81.8 millimetres that ranges from 72.3-91.9mm.〔〔 It has distinct fur colouration, with the dorsal back being a shiny, jet black and the ventral underside a contrasting creamy, white.〔〔 Males of the species have a distinctive gular throat pouch that is believed to play a role in territorial marking.〔〔Chimimba, C.T. and Kitchener, D.J. 1987. Breeding in the Australian yellow-bellied sheath-tailed bat, ''Saccolaimus flaviventris'' (Peters, 1867) (Chiroptera Emballonuridae). Records – Western Australian Museum 13:241-248.〕〔Hall, L. S. and Gordon. G. 1982. The throat-pouch of the yellow-bellied bat, ''Taphozous flaviventris''. Mammalia 46:247-252〕 The throat pouch is absent in females, who instead have naked folds of skin around the throat.〔 Unlike many other sheathtails, this species does not have a wing pouch in either sex.〔 Other distinguishing features of the yellow-bellied sheath-tailed bat are a flattened head and sharply pointed muzzle,〔(Yellow-bellied sheath-tailed bat – profile ), Office of Environment and Heritage, accessed 7 October 2014〕 a mean forearm length of 74-77 mm,〔〔 and a mean outer canine width of 6.4 mm.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yellow-bellied sheath-tailed bat」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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